What type of resistance is applied by the therapist through manual contact?

• A. Manual resistance
• B. Bodyweight resistance
• C. Elastic resistance
• D. Mechanical resistance

Answer: (A)

Resistance applied by the therapist through manual contact is manual resistance. The therapist uses their hands to provide opposing force as the patient actively moves or holds a position, allowing graded and precise control of resistance through the range. This approach can be tailored to the patient’s strength and progression and is commonly used to challenge specific muscles or movements. It differs from bodyweight resistance, which relies on the patient’s own weight; elastic resistance, which uses bands or tubing for tension; and mechanical resistance, which comes from machines. For example, as a patient performs elbow flexion, the therapist applies a varying amount of pressure with the hand to oppose the motion, adjusting as strength improves.