Taking equal to or more than how many medications increases fall risk?

• A. 2
• B. 3
• C. 4
• D. 5

Answer: (C)

Polypharmacy raises fall risk because the chance of adverse drug effects, drug interactions, and sedating or blood pressure–altering effects grows as more medicines are taken. Reaching four medications often marks a tipping point where these cumulative effects become noticeable, increasing dizziness, orthostatic hypotension, confusion, or slowed reaction time—all factors that can lead to a fall. So four or more medications is a threshold where the risk is meaningfully higher than with fewer medications. In practice, review and simplify medications when possible, especially avoiding combinations with strong sedative or hypotensive effects, to reduce fall risk.